Kamis, 10 Januari 2008

Indonesian Art and Culture


Indonesian Art and Culture

Banda Aceh


Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra, with an elevation of 21 m. The population was approximately 260,000 in 2006.

The city name first was named as Kutaraja, determined as the provincial capital in 1956.[1] Later its name was changed into Banda Aceh, where the first part of its name comes from the Persian bandar (بندر) and means "port" or "haven". It is also proudly referred to as the "port to Meccah", as Islam first arrived in Aceh and spread throughout Southeast Asia.

On December 26, 2004, the Indian Ocean earthquake struck off the western coast of Sumatra. Banda Aceh was the closest major city to the earthquake's epicenter. It was the worst hit area out of all the locations hit. Tens of thousands of people died and many more were injured.

Tsunami disaster
The aftermath of tsunami in Aceh

The western coastal areas of Aceh, including the cities of Banda Aceh, Calang, and Meulaboh, were among the areas hardest-hit by the tsunami resulting from the Indian Ocean earthquake on December 26, 2004. While estimates vary, approximately 230,000 people were killed by the earthquake and tsunami in Aceh, and about 500,000 were left homeless. The tragedy of the tsunami was further compounded on March 26th when a second off-shore earthquake measuring 8.7 on the Richter scale struck the sea bed between the islands of Simeulue Island in Aceh and Nias in North Sumatra. This second quake killed a further 905 people on Nias and Simeulue, displaced tens of thousands more and caused the tsunami response to be expanded to include Nias.

The population of Aceh before the December, 2004 tsunami was 4,271,000 (2004). The population as of 15 September 2005 was 4,031,589, almost 2% of the Indonesian population.

As of February 2006, more than a year after the tsunami, a large number of people are still living in barrack-style temporary living centers (TLC) or tents. Reconstruction is visible everywhere, but due to the sheer scale of the disaster, logistical issues, and the lack of funding, progress is slow.

The ramifications of the tsunami went beyond the immediate impact the lives and infrastructure of the Acehnese living on the coast. Since the disaster, the Acehnese rebel movement GAM, which had been fighting for independence against the Indonesian authorities for 29 years, has signed a peace deal (August 15th 2005). The perception that the tsunami was punishment for insufficient piety in this proudly Muslim province is partly behind the increased emphasis on the importance of religion post-tsunami. This has been most obvious in the increased implementation of Syariah law, including the introduction of the controversial 'WH' or Syariah police. As homes are being built and people's basic needs are met, the people are also looking to improve the quality of education, increase tourism, and develop responsible, sustainable industry. Well-qualified educators are in high demand in Aceh.

While parts of Banda Aceh, the capital, were unscathed, the areas closest to the water, especially the areas of Kampung Jawa and Meuraxa, were completely destroyed. Most of the rest of the western coast was severely damaged, and many towns completely disappeared. Other towns on Aceh's west coast hit by the disaster include Leupung, Lamno, Patek, Calang, Teunom, and the island of Simeulue. Affected or destroyed towns on the region's north & east coast include Pidie Regency, Samalanga, and Lhokseumawe.

The area is slowly being rebuilt after the disaster. The government initially proposed the creation of a two-kilometer buffer zone along low-lying coastal areas, within which permanent construction is not permitted. This proposal was unpopular among some local inhabitants and proved impractical in most situations, especially fishing families that are dependent on living near to the sea.

Indonesian government has built special agency for Aceh reconstruction, called Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi (BRR/Agency of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction) headed by Kuntoro Mangkusubroto, former Indonesian Minister. This agency has ministry level of authority and incorporating officials, professionals and community leaders from all background.

Most of the reconstruction work is being performed by local people using a mix of traditional methods and partial prefabricated structures, with funding coming from many international organizations and individuals, governments, and the people themselves.


North Sumatra


Geography and population

The province of North Sumatra stretches across the island of Sumatra between the Indian Ocean and the Strait Malacca. It borders Aceh province on the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra provinces on the southeast. It has an area of 70787 km². The province contains a broad, low plain along the Strait of Malacca coast; the provincial capital, Medan, is located here. In the south and west, the land rises to the mountain range that runs the length of Sumatra; the mountains here are dominated by Lake Toba, formed from the caldera of an ancient volcano. Several large islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Sumatra are part of North Sumatra, most notably Nias, Tanah Bala, Tanah Masa, and Pini.

North Sumatra has a population of approximately 11.48 million (2000 census).


Administration

Grand Mosque of Medan, North Sumatra
Grand Mosque of Medan, North Sumatra

Below is a list of regencies (Indonesian: kabupaten) and cities in North Sumatra.

West coast region:
Regencies — capital (seat) Cities
Mountain region:
Regencies — capital (seat) Cities
East coast region:
Regencies — capital (seat) Cities

West Sumatra

West Sumatra (Indonesian: Sumatera Barat, abbreviated to Sumbar) is a province of Indonesia. It lies on the west coast of the island Sumatra, and borders the provinces of North Sumatra (Sumatera Utara) to the north, Riau and Jambi to the east, and Bengkulu to the southeast. It includes the Mentawai Islands off the coast. The capital of the province is Padang.

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Geography

Mount Marapi
Mount Marapi

West Sumatra lies in the middle of the western coast of Sumatra, and has an area of 42,297.30 km². Geographic features include plains, mountainous volcanic highlands formed by the Barisan mountain range that runs from north-west to south-east, and an offshore island archipelago called the Mentawai Islands. The West Sumatran coastline faces the Indian Ocean and stretches 375 km from North Sumatra province in the north-west to Bengkulu in the south-east. The lakes of West Sumatra include: Maninjau (99.5 km²), Singkarak (130.1 km²), Diatas (31.5 km²), Dibawah (14.0 km²), Talang (5.0 km²). The rivers of West Sumatra include: Kuranji, Anai, Ombilin, Suliki, Arau. The mountains & volcanoes of West Sumatra include: Marapi (2,891 m), Sago (2,271 m), Singgalang (2,877 m), Talakmau (2,912 m), Talang (2,572 m), Tandikat (2,438 m).


Baliem Valley - Papua


"Nayak Lak!" A warm greeting from the Dani people to all of you. Baliem Valley (Lembah Baliem) spotted as the most popular destination in Papua, rich with indigenous culture features which offer extraordinary cultural experiences. Baliem valley inhabits by several tribes but grouped together under the same identity called Dani. Each of the tribe speaks in different type of language and dialect, not forget to mention that each of the tribe distinguishable by their genuine clothes and way of life. more
Have Fun at Ancol Jakarta BayCity
This is Jakarta's largest and most popular recreation park. Its extensive range of attractions includes sea and fresh-water aquariums, swimming pools, an artificial lagoon for fishing and boating, a bowling alley, as well as an assortment of nightclubs restaurants, and massage parlors. more

Feasting on Bali, the Isle of The Gods
Bali has been the favorite destination for locals and international tourists for ages. Bali has been the favorite destination for locals and international tourists for ages. Full of magnificent beaches, breathtaking sceneries, marvellous trinkets and interesting culture, Bali is ideal for people wanting to escape from daily activities, enjoy a honeymoon, or even, have a great time with family and friends. more
Mentawai Island: the Ultimate Diversity of the Hidden Paradise
Come, See and Listen to nature beat-up of Mentawai, soon you will find the heart and soul of Mentawai relief your life. Indonesia Tourism more

UJUNG KULON NATIONAL PARK : The Last Sanctuary of the Javan Rhino
This national park, located in the extreme south-western tip of Java on the Sunda shelf, includes the Ujung Kulon peninsula, several offshore islands as well as the Krakatoa natural reserve. more

See also

[edit] External links

 Indonesia Portal

Indonesian stories, legend, myth, folklore, and so on in Bahasa Indonesia and in English.

Other sites


Indonesian music

Types of music in Indonesia: traditional, non-traditional (local) and non-local (western). There are also combinations of them. Examples of unique non-traditional Indonesian music styles are "dangdut" and "keroncong". (If you have information on the above music, please let me know so I can provide the links or information here.)

Some traditional songs or compositions require specific instruments, such as:

(I am looking for various pictures of the above instruments. If you have something, let me know.)

Gamelan

If you are interested in gamelan (Balinese or Sundanese), visit:

  1. American Gamelan Institute
  2. Gamelan Galak Tika, a community ensemble in residence at MIT.
  3. Gamelan Mitra Kusuma, Balinese gamelan of the Embassy of Indonesia in Washington DC
  4. Gamelan Sekar Jaya, a California-based gamelan group that performs the music and dance of Bali
  5. Metalworks, an English based gamelan group.
  6. Pusaka Sunda, a Sundanese Gamelan Degung.
  7. Bali and Beyond. Visit their gamelan pages.
  8. You may also want to visit Mike Wardi home page where he has some information on Javanese Gamelan.
  9. Review of Javanese music, including gamelan.
  10. A picture of gamelan
  11. Balinese gamelan goes MIDI
  12. North American Gamelan group directory
  13. Yogyakarta Gamelan Festival 1997
  14. Information about Gamelan and other Indonesian instruments in Japanese.

Or check HOTWIRED Biography on I. Wayan Sadra.

Lyrics

We have just created a new page specific for Lyrics: Indonesian Lyrics
Lyrics below will be transferred to the new page.

MIDI files

These MIDI files were sequenced by Iman Tjahjono . They are Indonesian pop songs, *not* traditional Indonesian music.

  1. Pemuda (Guruh Soekarno Putra) - lyrics
  2. Satu Jam Saja (sung by Asti Asmodiwati)
  3. Melati Suci (Guruh Soekarno Putra) - lyrics
  4. Tempat Berpijak (Chaseiro)

See also Archive of Indonesian Songs another Indonesian music page, lots of MIDI songs (including children songs). Also visit a collection of Indonesian MP3 songs.

Links to Indonesian Artists, Bands, Groups

  1. Braggi: pop band
  2. Jubing's Free Classical Guitar Music
  3. Katon Bagaskara dan Ira Wibowo
  4. KLa Project (unofficial web site)
  5. KOIL: Rock
  6. Garis: a fusion, jazz, and traditional Indonesian music.
  7. Irma Pane's page. Irma is a female singer from Indonesia.
  8. Iwa Kusuma: Indonesian Rapper (*new*)
  9. Peggy Melati Sukma
  10. Salam Dangdut: a Dangdut portal. Dangdut is a popular Indonesian music type (*new*)
  11. Sherina: Popular Indonesian children singer
  12. SiSiR: DC Metro area
  13. Soneta Group: Rhoma Irama dangdut group, very famous (*new*)

Other musical links

Radio Stations

This web page is designed by PT Insan Infonesia and hosted by L-Net.


Indonesia Food

Restaurants in Indonesia

Indonesian Restaurants Abroad

Recipe

Other links

Wayang is a traditional Indonesian entertainment with puppets played by "dalang". There are different types of wayang:
  • Wayang kulit (shadow puppet)
  • Wayang golek (wooden puppets, West Java)
  • Wayang orang. This is not a puppet, but real people are playing the roles of wayang

Other than the above, there is also wayang comics.

Mur Jang KungThere is a mailing list (listserv) to discuss wayang at WAYANG@LISTSERV.DARTMOUTH.EDU. Please join us in this mailing list.

Images

  • A picture of wayang golek Mur Jang Kung or Jan Pieterszoon Coen. Jan Pieterszoon Coen is the Ducth Government General 1618. The name Mur Jang Kung is derived from "M(ay)ur Jan(g) (Pieterszoon) Coen" or from the fact that he is tall ("jangkung" means tall).
  • A picture of wayang comics. In Indonesia, R.A. Kosasih was famous for his wayang comics. Unfortunately, this has become a rare art. You cannot find his books in ordinary bookstore. (*new*)

Other related links

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